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This article includes (with permission) information from posts on the forum at Saxontheweb by saxophone historian/geek Paul Lindemeyer, author of Celebrating the Saxophone, and photos and information from Brian at Getasax.com. Both Paul and Brian are fellow Conn lovers, and this article would not have been possible without their help. Because I have left most of what Paul wrote intact with only minor editing, I have put his name next to sections for which he is mainly responsible. Some information may repeat between what I wrote and what he wrote, but trust me there is a ton of information here and the read is worth it if you are interested in Conn transitional altos!

I am lucky enough to work with and see many beautiful and rare saxophones, and these days it takes something rather special to make my jaw truly drop. This past week, completely unexpectedly, a saxophone came through my shop which is about as rare and as beautiful as any saxophone out there, and I am extremely happy to share it with you: a one-of-a-kind 1932 Selmer Super Sax of the “Cigar Cutter” variety, fully engraved from the neck cork to the bell rim, including every single pad cup (yes, even the octave pad cups) and the post feet.

This is a 1928 Conn F Mezzo-soprano saxophone, freshly overhauled by me. These saxophones in the unusual key of F were introduced months before the market crash of 1928, and only a few were sold- to those rare customers who were both saxophone crazy* and* had disposable income during the Great Depression. The unsold horns- which were the majority- were used as fodder at the Conn repair school. As a result, not many of these unique instruments survive, and even fewer still in this condition.

I have always found the saxophone to be a beautiful physical object. I have often wondered as I work, what it is about the appearance of the saxophone that makes it so beautiful to me? Why, when its main purpose is to produce sound, does it look beautiful? The sound of the saxophone is the sound of a cone of vibrating air. We change the length of the cone (by opening and closing pads) to change the fundamental frequency and sometimes also overblow the fundamental frequency of this cone of air to change the pitch. So each pitch we hear a saxophone play is a certain sized cone of air, resonating in one of its harmonic frequencies. This is simple physics, and all of the beauty and mystery of the sound we hear comes down to this:

I recently overhauled a 18xxx serial Selmer Super with the geared octave mechanism. It was totally thrashed- three times relacquered, all sorts of problems, resolders, broken keys, repair shortcuts layered over jerry-rig upon patch job. You get the picture. It took about twice as long as normal to rebuild the mechanics. It was the first horn in long time where I finished it with bruises and blisters on my hands (and I’ve got some pretty good callouses going). It was ugly as sin, too. And all the while I am working on this costly project I am wondering to myself did we make the right choice to rebuild this saxophone? But when I finally got it put together and played it- man, what a beautiful sound. It was even, in-tune, and lush. The name could barely be read on the bell anymore but the sound said everything you needed to know.

SOLD This one was supposed to be for my personal collection to match my Vito “Duke” baritone, but my eyes were a bit bigger than my wallet. I am loath to give it up! But without further ado… This is a Beaugnier-made Vito “Duke” alto saxophone in good original condition with original lacquer and even with its original Leblanc case. The Vito “Duke” is one of the last horns Beaugnier made, and they are excellent saxophones through and through with a wide-open tonality that can blow the walls down. Construction is excellent, ergonomics are very friendly (though if you have large sausagelike fingers, the left hand pinky table may be too small for you), intonation is good, and did I mention the tone?

SOLD! This is a post-war but pre-buyout Holton 232 alto saxophone, a professional model that is identical to the Holton 234 “Stratodyne” (which was their absolute top-of-the-line and the best horn they ever made) with the exception of some aesthetic differences (engraving, key guards) and the design of the octave mechanism. The bore is the same as the Stratodyne, and just like the Stratodyne, under the fingers it is a comfortable horn, intonation is good, build quality is very good, and the tone is great- fat and full and rich.

SOLD Looking for a vintage hand-made French tenor saxophone in excellent and unmolested physical condition? One with a fresh top-shelf overhaul by a top-tier saxophone specialist who knows and loves them? Would you like it to have good intonation, ergonomics that won’t break your fingers, excellent quality construction, a powerful and bottomless tone that will put most other saxophones to shame? One that will only appreciate in value as time goes on? Oh and how about all of that for $2200?

SOLD Well here is a pretty amazing find. This is a very early Conn 6M transitional alto saxophone with original case, original mouthpiece, original neck strap, original lyre holder, and original warranty booklet. It has never been overhauled, and still sports its original pads from its manufacture in 1931. This is an exceptionally rare find in my experience for a Conn, and before now I have only seen one other horn with its original warranty booklet. That makes this horn a saxophone that will play great, look beautiful once I overhaul it before sale, and be a good collector’s investment.

SOLD! Here is what it looked like after it was done: This saxophone is pictured prior to overhaul- unpolished! It will be overhauled prior to sale and will look nearly new. This is a mid-period Conn 6M transitional alto saxophone from 1932. It features 6M-style upper and lower stack keys, Eb/C cluster, palm keys, side keys, octave mechanism, and underslung double-socket neck. It has a rather rare variant of the LH pinky table- 6M style linkages with left hand bell keys, but a New Wonder Series II style pinky table- although slightly tweaked from the New Wonder Series II. And of course it has the transitional-only feature of the swivel thumbrest. This saxophone features the art-deco style engraving, which is a beautiful design only seen for a few years during the transitional run.

SOLD This is a rather more rare variant of an excellent saxophone, the Couf Superba I. The Couf Superba I was made by Keilwerth, and is the predecessor to the SX90R series of saxophones which are still sold today (in fact, I am a Keilwerth dealer, so if you want a modern one, I can do that too!). This is a professional model saxophone, featuring rolled toneholes, a wide bow and large bell, high F# key, and black nickel plate finish. The ergonomics are very good with oversized pearls, intonation is good, and the tone is warm, lush, and ballsy. Great horn for jazz, R&B, rock, gospel, soul… the list goes on. These are excellent saxophones, and I am a fan of them.

SOLD This is an excellent original condition Yamaha “Purple Logo” YAS-62 alto saxophone. It comes in its original case, and will be overhauled before sale- and if you catch me before I do the overhaul, it can be done to your specifications. The “Purple Logo” series YAS-62 was made from the late 1970s until the early 90s, was Yamaha’s top of the line model at that time, and is different in both feel and tone and construction to the modern version of the YAS-62. It possesses all of the best qualities one is looking for in a modern saxophone- excellent Yamaha quality construction, modern ergonomics, excellent intonation- with the fullness and richness of tone you associate with a vintage horn. Modern Yamahas are excellent saxophones to be sure, but their tone can be too clear and pure for some folks (yours truly included). This sax is a different breed of Yamaha, and represents (alongside the Yanagisawa 880) one of the best values in the saxophone world today if you are looking for modern ergonomics. It truly is the best of both worlds- rich vintage tone with modern ergonomics and scale, and craftsmanship that is hard to beat.

This 2008 article has been reprinted in whole with the permission of its author, Dennis Gazarek. The opinions in this article are the author’s and I reprint it here without any edits. -Matt AMATI Saxophone: A Short History by Dennis Gazarek # The history of saxophones and other instruments produced by the predecessors of Amati-Denak is complex, confusing and convoluted. The instrument makers were directly impacted by European wars of the Twentieth Century, Nazi and Soviet expansionism and the Cold War. My goal is to provide some insight in the evolution and revolutions that have taken place to result in the Amati-Denak company of today. I will leave it to some scholar in the future to write the definitive history, with names, details and facts that I have not included in this short summary. I admit my Czech-Canadian heritage and that I am a bit of a ‘shill’ for the Amati brand. I do believe that Amati’s line of saxophones and instruments deserve a fair consideration from Canadian and American consumers.

Saxophone Adjustment Materials by **Matt Stohrer ** Everybody knows about pads, everyone has an opinion on resonators or whether plating makes you sound better, and you can google your way through most of a simple DIY saxophone overhaul or at least with enough time spent begin to understand why your horn does what it does- but there is a hole in the saxophone repair body of knowledge when it comes to detailed information about adjustment materials. The adjustment materials are the corks and felts, the synthetic felt and leather and teflon and ultrasuede and synthetic cork and shrink tubing and sorbothane and the dozens of other materials repairmen use on your saxophone to make it work. Adjustment materials are what make keys work together with precision, what allows you to play an instrument with more keys than you have fingers. Adjustment materials are also what control the heights of the keys and therefore influence intonation and response, and also keep the complicated metal machinery of a saxophone operating smoothly in silence. These materials are not just an afterthought- **in fact they are integral to having your saxophone feel good under the fingers, seal well over a long period of time, have smooth and even action, and keep the keywork studio-quiet. **

This is an all-original survivor, a rarity among Martins from this period whose notoriously delicate lacquer has survived nearly completely intact after 74 years. Most often when you see nickel keywork on a lacquered body, you think student intstrument. But it was not always so- indeed the nickel (or sometimes plated silver) keywork against lacquer was a premium option in the first half of the 20th century and it was only later that it was co-opted (most likely for nickel’s durability) for student instruments such as the original Bundy, the King Cleveland, and so forth (though now days these instruments are more like intermediate horns compared to what a modern student instrument is).

I attended a clinic where the Director General and head of Research and Development of Selmer (Paris) Jerome Selmer gave a historical presentation and graciously and patiently answered questions from the audience of saxophone repairmen (and one Taiwan-based competitor) for nearly two hours. Some interesting things he mentioned: The Mark VI and Reference horns are 66/34 alloy brass (note: common trade name for this alloy is “yellow brass”) The S80 is 70/30 alloy brass (note: common trade name for this alloy is “cartridge brass”) The S80II and Reference horns share body tubes and bows, but have different necks and bells The S80III differs from the S80II in neck and upper body taper (as well as some tonehole placement), bell and bow are the same The Jubilee horns have toneholes that are .2mm taller (about .007 inches, or the thickness of an 3x5 index card) The bells on most horns (except special editions and baritone/bass) are not hand hammered anymore because the workers kept getting wrist injuries Toneholes are made by mounting the body on a mandrel and cutting the hole by CNC machine, but the toneholes are pulled with a mechanical device controlled by a worker The body and neck seams used to be brazed, now they are welded The necks are straight cones, filled with ice and bent by hand (I would have expected hydroforming! I was surprised to hear this, and I am kind of blown away it is just a straight cone) They may eventually move to machine engraving, and a few S80 horns are already in circulation that have early experiments with machine engraving Until the 1970s, none of the knowledge on how to build was written down- it was all in the heads of the workers, and passed on from one generation to the next The R&D department is already working on the next Selmer model- and the eventual goal is to have one model of saxophone across the board (like back in the day) The R&D department is working on an acoustic reference blueprint of “the Selmer sound”- a waveform they can strive for when designing new horns The R&D department has the top technicians in the company and can prototype a new instrument in about 15 days

A joint project with Brian from GetASax.com showcasing the manufacturer emblems from vintage saxophone cases.

SOLD This is a one-owner 1951 Martin Committee III tenor in excellent shape, with original lacquer at 95%, original case, serial-matched neck, no dents or resolders, action is tight, original end plug. This saxophone came to me with its original pads and is getting its first-ever overhaul for sale. Even the original lyre holder- the first I have ever seen on a Martin Committee III- is in the (original) tri-pack case. This horn was obviously loved by its owner and well taken care of, and soon will be making music again, and should continue making music for decades to come.

I recently overhauled a 1954 Kohlert “Winnenden” tenor saxophone and was impressed with its tone, ergonomics, intonation, and construction- which features rolled toneholes and relatively modern ergonomics. The tone is dark, woody, and full- and tons of fun to play with a really dig-deep cupboard-rattling capability. Repair-wise, the design of the horn presented no special challenges- if you can repair a Leblanc or a Conn well (which is unfortunately not as common as it should be), you are fully capable of overhauling one of these. If you only do modern horns and Selmers, be prepared to spend a little extra time figuring out what the builders of this instrument meant for you to do! Construction is single post, rolled toneholes, large and very slightly concave pearls. Front F, non-automatic G# (G# is not activated by the rest of the pinky table), left hand bell keys. The original pads (see pictures below) seem to have been very similar to a Conn Res-O-Pad, except with a large rivet in the center instead of a flat washer resonator/rivet combination. I overhauled this with regular pads and flat metal resonators and I am very pleased with the results.

This is something I posted in a forum a little while ago. The question was “My low C# is stiff on my Conn 10M. What springs do I adjust to make it better?” As is often the case with good saxophone repair, the answer lies deeper and the knowledge required is greater than you might think. Here was my reply: “The difference in necessary spring tension for a mechanism with bad adjustment materials and lost motion to a mechanism that is perfectly tight, perfectly fit, slick and free is enormous. Start there, work your way backwards to the springs.